oecd guidelines health effects

Found insideOECD and FAO have developed this guidance to help enterprises observe standards of responsible business conduct and undertake due diligence along agricultural supply chains in order to ensure that their operations contribute to sustainable ... The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals are a collection of the most relevant internationally agreed testing methods used by government, industry and independent laboratories when testing the safety of new and existing chemicals as ... Found insideThe OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains in the Garment and Footwear Sector helps enterprises implement the due diligence recommendations contained in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises along the garment ... The objective of these chronic toxicity studies is to characterize the profile of a substance in a mammalian species (primarily rodents) following prolonged and repeated exposure. The basic principle underlying the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) in mouse is that sensitizers induce a primary proliferation of lymphocytes in the auricular lymph nodes draining the site of chemical application. This revised Test Guideline has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route for a subchronic duration (90 days), and to provide robust data for quantitative inhalation risk assessments. The residues in Livestock studies are conducted in order to quantify levels of residues in meat, milk, eggs and edible meat by-products following the use of a pesticide product. The method described by this Test Guideline provides information that allows hazard assessment for short-term exposure to a test article by inhalation, and allows the substance to be classified according to the Globally Harmonized System of ... This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to a test article (gas, vapour or aerosol/particulate test article) by inhalation. This is an in vivo test in mice in which developing embryos are exposed to a chemical (solid, liquid, vapour or . This assay may be used to measure gene mutation in yeast, a eukaryotic micro-organism. The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals provide a unique tool for assessing the potential effects of chemicals on human health and the environment. The Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the ... This Test Guideline is designed to provide an evaluation of reproductive and developmental effects that may occur as a result of pre- and postnatal chemical exposure as well as an evaluation of systemic toxicity in pregnant and lactating ... These Guidelines represent the first attempt to provide international recommendations on collecting, publishing, and analysing subjective well-being data. This Test Guideline describes an in vitro assay, which provides concentration-response data for substances with in vitro ER agonist and antagonist activity. The Hershberger Bioassay is an in vivo short–term screening test. This assay may be used to measure mitotic recombination (gene conversion or crossingover) in yeast, a eukaryotic micro-organism. This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via oral administration. This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to liquid or solid test substance by dermal application. A principle of the method is that in the main study only moderately toxic doses are used, and the administration of doses that are expected to be lethal should be avoided. This Test Guideline describes a method to evaluate photo-cytotoxicity by the relative reduction in viability of cells exposed to the chemical in the presence versus absence of light. The Test Guideline for Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (UDS) in mammalian cells in vitro describes procedures utilizing primary cultures, human lymphocytes or established cell lines, to detect DNA repair synthesis after excision and removal of a ... This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from short-term exposure to test substance. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay is a short-term test for the detection of reciprocal exchanges of DNA between two sister chromatids of a duplicating chromosome. The Local Lymph Node Assay: DA (LLNA: DA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph ... This assay may be used to measure mitotic recombination (gene conversion or crossingover) in yeast, a eukaryotic micro-organism. The sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay is a short-term test for the detection of reciprocal exchanges of DNA between two sister chromatids of a duplicating chromosome. This study relates to the analysis, via dermal application, of the health hazard of solid or liquid test substance. This Test Guideline for developmental toxicity testing is designed to provide general information concerning the effects of prenatal exposure on the pregnant test animal and on the developing organism. This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via oral administration. The Test Guideline for Unscheduled DNA Synthesis (UDS) in mammalian cells in vitro describes procedures utilizing primary cultures, human lymphocytes or established cell lines, to detect DNA repair synthesis after excision and removal of a ... This Test Guideline has been designed to obtain the information necessary to confirm or to further characterise the potential neurotoxicity of chemicals in adult animals. The Uterotrophic Bioassay is an in vivo short-term screening test. It is based on the increase in uterine weight or uterotrophic response. The Uterotrophic Bioassay relies for its sensitivity on an animal test system in which the ... A Framework to Guide Selection of Chemical Alternatives develops and demonstrates a decision framework for evaluating potentially safer substitute chemicals as primarily determined by human health and ecological risks. The OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals are a collection of internationally agreed methods for testing the safety of chemicals and chemical preparations, including pesticides and industrial chemicals. This revised Test Guideline 412 (TG 412) has been designed to fully characterize test article toxicity by the inhalation route following repeated exposure for a limited period of time (28 days), and to provide data for quantitative ... Mutations in the X-chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster are phenotypically expressed in males carrying the mutant gene. The Hershberger Bioassay is an in vivo short–term screening test. 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